Thomas and Margaret (Fryer) Gardner of Salem, MA: 2016

Friday, December 30, 2016

Summary, 2016

Recaps: 2019, 2018, 2017 (missing), 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011.

Remarks: Modified: 12/29/2019

12/15/2018 -- Added link to an interim view this year. Somehow, missed this task at the end of 2017.

Wednesday, December 7, 2016

The Gardner Annals, Vol III, No 1

This post introduces the fifth issue of The Gardner Annals (Volume III, Number 1). This issue covers several topical areas in order to provide status of ongoing research. As well, we look at future work directions.

The following is a snapshot of the Table of Contents.

The Gardner Annals (list view) supports the interests of the Thomas Gardner Society, Inc.'s purpose: to honor the accomplishments of the Cape Ann party and to promote, and to sponsor, scholarly research of a cultural, biographical, historical, and genealogical nature, with an emphasis on, but not limited to, the origins and the lives of New England immigrants.

Submissions of articles for consideration are encouraged: algswtlk[at]aol[dot]com.

Remarks: Modified: 12/07/2016

12/07/2016 --

Sunday, December 4, 2016

Gardner's Beacon, Vol. VI, No. 2

This issue of Gardner's Beacon briefly looks at research that will be reported in the next issue of The Gardner Annals (to be published, Dec 2016).

In particular, there will be detail provided about Gardiner and the Battle at Bosworth. David T. Gardner will give us an overview of what he has discovered. This material relates to our interest in the whence issue.
In Flyover Country, we follow families from Massachusetts and Virginia as they move west. In other words, this is an example of the pathways that were described in Albion's Seed. From a lonely grave site out west, we follow back the generations for the preceding 200 years to early New England (north and south).
The Massachusetts Magazine will be featured regularly. TMM was published by Dr. Frank and his sister, Lucie M. Gardner, whom we introduce. Lucie was a graduate of Tufts in 1897 and active in a lot of areas. She contributed to all of the issues of the TMM. This Gardner's Beacon issue provides the Table of Contents for Volumes I through V and discusses some of the articles. We also introduce R.A. Douglas-Lithgow, M.D., LL. D. who submitted several articles. This preeminent researcher and author came over here late in his life. He wrote the definitive history of Nantucket.

Additionally, a guest writes in this issue about the Magna Carta and the celebration that occurred in the summer of 2015. Then, we start a series on DNA and its issues as they relate to general subjects such as what we know and admissibility of such.

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See Vol. VI, No. 2 of Gardner's Beacon for a review of research to date.

Remarks: Modified: 03/01/2019

03/01/2019 -- We're building an index via images for our portal to truth.

Saturday, November 26, 2016

Lucie M. Gardner

Note: Gardner pedigree for Dr. Frank and his sister, Lucie M.

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We are remiss. I cannot believe that we have not had anything yet about Lucie.

She was a sister of Dr. Frank and co-editor of The Massachusetts Magazine. As well, she was active in the Salem/Boston area. She was a graduate of Tufts College.

Lucie was a founding member of Alpha Xi Delta in Boston.

We will be doing a more thorough biography of her as we cover both the editors and contributors of the periodical. Lucie in the 1915 Who's Who (Dr. Frank is on the preceeding page).

Here is an example report that Lucie did on the Old Planters Society (TMM Vol II). This was not that one whose focus is Beverly. Notice the officers and councillors.

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In 1913, as part of the 300th, there was a pageant (Google books) given in Salem. Dr. Frank, and his wife, played Roger and Sarah Conant. Ann's grandfather played Thomas Gardner. Lucie played Mrs. Jeffrey.

Remarks: Modified: 06/06/2018

12/05/2016 -- Lucie contributed to all of the issues of the TMM. We introduce her in the Gardner's Beacon and will list some of her work in The Gardner Annals.

12/18/2016 -- Lucie mentioned in article published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

06/06/2018 -- The Pageant of Salem (1913).

Wednesday, November 23, 2016

John Gardner, again

Earlier, we briefly looked at John's experience with the crew that mapped the Merrimack. He was not of the Harvard experience.

Later, John would go to Nantucket on an invitation (we first learned of this in 2011). R.A. Douglas-Lithgow had a few things to say about John in his book on Nantucket. It is nice that the little island had such a illustrious author writing its history.

We will be looking more at R.A.'s work.

Remarks: Modified: 03/01/2019

03/01/2019 -- John's record at WikiTree: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gardner-49. We are building a index by images at our portal to truth.

Tuesday, November 22, 2016

RA Douglas-Lithgow, MD, LLD

In preparation for publishing an new issue of The Gardner Annals, I have been reviewing the 11 years (1908-1918) of The Massachusetts Magazine that was founded by Dr. Frank and friends. There is an author who appeared in Vols III through V. Who was he? R.A. Douglas-Lithgow, M.D., LL. D.

In several of RA's books, the cover page had a photo and brief summary of his associations. This is an example from his book on American-Indian place names (archive.org).

He wrote a book on Nantucket (archive.org). RA wrote a lot. But, again, who was he? I found this at a discussion site related to the Lithgow family (see boards[.]ancestry[.]com).

Despite the extended time lapse since your request for information regarding the ancestry of your grandfather, Robert Philip Augustus Douglas Lithgow, I have a few items regarding the extant British branch of the family which may be of interest.

Very briefly, your great grandfather was Robert Alexander Douglas Lithgow, born in Ireland, a physician in England, who emigrated in later life to Boston USA. He died there whilst your grandfather was still a child (at school in England?). He wrote poetry and several books on American history.

RAD Lithgow (born Belfast) had four surviving younger siblings, Margaret, Douglas, Elizabeth (b 1855) and James (all born in Downpatrick, Ireland). Their father, Robert Thomas Lithgow was a very well respected coach builder as evidenced by several newspaper articles. ...

The male line of our earlier Lithgow ancestors is documented (without dates) in the Northern Ireland Record Office and is frequently referred to in these Ancestry community postings by other descendants now living in America and Australia. Thomas Lithgow came from Lanarkshire in 1610 and settled in County Derry.

I can fill in more details regarding this British branch of the family but have not yet thoroughly researched the early Lithgows who emigrated to America and Australia and about whom you requested information.

After much searching, I found one biography that deals with his work in England (Men and women of the time). RA was born in 1846 in Belfast. He settled in London for medical work. And, he came to American later in life. But, none of this looked at his literary work. The American Historical Association (1912) noted three articles on New England houses.

So, on further search, the New England Journal of Medicine mentioned an obituary. On looking further, I found it in The Boston Medical and surgical journal (pg 442).

We will get a full list of RA's publications plus gather more information about his work.

Too, we will be looking at all of the authors in Dr. Frank's publication.

Remarks: Modified: 10/30/2018

12/05/2016 -- R.A. to several issues of the TMM. We introduce him in the Gardner's Beacon and will add a little more about his work in The Gardner Annals.

12/18/2016 -- Article about the TMM published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

04/23/2017 -- The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1 provided the Table of Contents for the first five volumes of The Massachusetts Magazine.

10/30/2018 -- The Gardner Annals, Vol. IV, No. 1 provided the Table of Contents for the last five volumes of The Massachusetts Magazine. These have been printed in one bound volume.

Sunday, November 20, 2016

Flyover country

Last post, we mentioned a lonely grave. It is in Nebraska. This is a photo. As suggested, it's out in the middle of nowhere. And, the type of cemetery is a common thing in this part of the country. People drive by, at a high rate of speed. The stones sit.

But, this is not entirely wilderness. It is highly productive farm land.

Back east, settlement was dense, in terms of area being covered. Essex country in Massachusetts has no really open areas. That is, everything is identified by one of the communities. Granted, through time the boundaries of those communities changed, say as new ones were defined. But, no place was left untouched by human feet.

Out here, it's wide open. The past century plus, things have been mapped. We have counties that cover the territory. These collect into states. And, given the recent situation (for instance, look at the red/blue map by county), these areas, and their residents, need some attention. You know, the "red" folk love it out here. Americans really ought to know this part of the country better. And, we can use New Englanders as the main thread in order to do this.

As an aside this area is near the Oregon Trail as it wound its way from Gardner, KS to the Platte River. So, this area saw the travelers going by. Lots to tell, there.

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Now, the grave is of a descendant of John Porter of Salem. Buried here was Lyman (d 1898) who was born in Wendell, MA (he is also a descendant of John Alden - his offspring, who precipitated the work, is also descendant of old guy Brewster and others). Why, and how, Lyman ended up here is a story that will be told, in part, in the next issue of The Gardner Annals. The story has more appeal in that his children represent a merge of lines from northern and southern New England (that part which we know as Virginia and its neighboring states - see Albion's Seed). This happened post the revolution, however the Virginian folk were from the very early times, to boot. In this case, the joining up was via Kentucky.

In terms of the Society, Lyman's ancestor (Joseph) married a daughter of William Hathorne. Joseph's brother married another daughter. These two lines merge in a descendant of Lyman. As well, one of William's sons (Joseph's brother-in-law) married a granddaughter of Thomas Gardner. That couple gave us Nathaniel Hawthorne. Joseph's sister married a granddaughter of Thomas Gardner. Joseph's niece (daughter of his brother) married a grandson of Thomas Gardner. And, this is not the whole shebang. So, you see, all of this relates from the beginning to what we are interested in.

And, that little bit is only one of several other (actually, very many) threads that we can follow.

Before, we mentioned the long arm of New England. Lawrence, KS ( Final migration, remember that, Jayhawk'ers) was formed in order to bring anti-slavery settlers out west. There were armed Quakers out here having fun. There were Quakers in Virginia (and other southern states). In short, a whole lot of American History was not (has not been) told, properly. New England researchers can help fill in.

So, we get a chance to add to the mix. And, having these long threads of 100s of years are going to be important. All along, new folks were coming in, just as we see now. So, the fabric of the American people is a lot more than has been described.

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Aside: I have an interest due to being born in the west, having attended KU (whose students do not, for the most part, realize that their hill overlooked the major campground of the Oregon-bound trains), living all over the country, working in all aspects (government, business, non-profit) of our economy, seeing the interplay twixt us and the world (especially Europe), following the mischief of finance, and then falling into the opportunity to see the fleshed version of the long American experience.

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It is interesting that Lyman's brother is already in the Mayflower organization roll. Too, one of his daughter's is in the roll. The thread that we researched was the eldest daughter of Lyman and his wife, Caroline. That daughter (d 1872) is the 3rd-great-grandmother of root of the thread being used for the study.

Remarks: Modified: 11/01/2021

11/22/2016 -- Discussions (questions) on another forum brings up just how much this relates to the red/blue split that is dividing the country. So, we need to get to that, at some point next year.

12/18/2016 -- Article published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

11/20/2017 -- We will be looking more closely at the south.

11/01/2021 -- So, now the MF people have a database of those in applications to 1900. And, guess who is there? Lyman and his daughter, Anna. These are the father and sister of Chloe. And, the applicants who were in their 90s? Deceased.

Mayflower pure

I have been at this stuff now since 2009 (the blog started in 2010). In that time, I have run across a few Mayflower lines. I have run across many that are not so linked.

Now, think back to the time of Dr. Frank. That is, the 300th anniversary. BTW, Calvin Coolidge participated, as did a lot of other of the New England elite. We can expect that the 400th will be even more fun (if each town celebrated, we are talking decades of partying). Also, we would like to remind everyone of the 200th which is as important: just as the pilgrims crossed the sea, so too did many of the descendants, as pioneers, pass along the prairie (there was a poem to this effect).

So, with respect to the 300th (plus/minus, okay, a few years), there were organizations started. Of which, one acknowledged the Mayflower folks. We have their annual recognition coming up this week (hence, this post's timeliness). I just found out that early on only descendants of the males were allowed. But, think of those who could not join, for any number of reasons.

In fact, one of these would have been Dr. Frank. At least, for his paternal side, it is "pure" with respect to the Mayflower. That is remarkable. We are talking 300 years of non-association even though there were close calls.

As an aside, because there was some aura involved, many may have tried to flim-flam the Mayflower folks in order to get in (you know, human nature). So, the Mayflower organization got defensive (more below). Yet, they lost reason, too.

Below, I will briefly look at two examples. As well, we can propose various measurements. And, to make it worthy of attention, the most remote would get the prize. Why just celebrate almost there?

Closeness? There are many ways this can happen. A sibling might have married a Mayflower descendant. Or, as I like to see, the step-sibling situation is very important (lots of these due to early deaths and remarriage of a partner). Want to know why? Well, we'll get there as an upcoming The Gardner Annals (Vol III, No 1) will expand upon the topic. Let's just say that genes are not solely where it's at. Rather, memes (in a more full sense) do more to carry civilization (and, this year, we ought to have learned all sorts of lessons).

So, here are a couple of examples.

On the Blessing (1635) were two young women. They were sisters. One married Richard More (Nutfield Genealogy). Now, this is being used due to the 300th time frame. None of the More descendants would have been able to celebrate. Why? He had not been identified. Now, the other sister married a New Englander who was of the time of Thomas and Margaret. They have lots of descendants; one of these is "Mayflower Pure" as far as I can see now. We will go into this further. This split is early. As is known, there would be intertwining of families all through U.S. (and colonial) history.
Out on the western prairie there is a lonely grave. It belongs to a New Englander who was a pioneer in several states. And, one of his brothers and one of his daughters are already on the roll (as in, their descendants are on the roll). Why not this guy? Well, the effort has been made. I will write this up in The Gardner Annals (down to about three generations ago). Quite frankly, the attitude, as I experienced it, was that snootiness was more important than recognizing one's ancestors (John Alden, by the way). So that observation is another motivator for this post. One set of circumstances may be a contributing factor, too. You see, in one generation, a girl's (actually, she was an infant) mother died (the mother was a daughter of the one with the lonely grave). The girl's father remarried. The father died. But, the step-mother didn't want the child. So, the uncles and grandparents raised her. She was an only child. Now, when the girl married (by the way, she was a graduate of Monmouth College), she had a girl. Then, the mother dies young. The father was off somewhere with the railroad. So, this girl is raised by her elderly grandmother. Before the grandmother died, she arranged for the girl to be adopted by friends. She well remembered that day as she was 10 years old. Also, she wrote this up for her own daughter. And, granddaughters of this woman are still here. One is terminally ill with cancer. I did not tell that to the Mayflower person who seems to not reason properly (yes, it's all documented - I blame genealogists who ought to re-examine themselves; by the way, we'll help with that). And, again, we can show association with someone of this line who is cousin of a Mayflower pure cohort. That is, there were splits early. Splits could happen anywhere along the temporal line. And, along the line, there were close calls (hence, pure). This example applies to the 200th. You know how many people were buried along the trails going west? Does anyone in New England care?

So, let's introduce a Mayflower pure metric. Then, those who are not of such lines can quibble among themselves about who is closest. To me, perhaps, the furthest away might be more worthy of a crown. Going years and years and generations and generations without getting touched is a remarkable feat.

Many marriages through the years included newcomers. Usually, that would have an impact on possible Mayflower association. The closer to now that this happens, the greater the impact.

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For the 400th, the society could look to identify some of these folks. What I have seen is that if there is no descendant who is around to apply to an organization, then the person gets ignored. I like how Heather (Hunter relates to the first bullet) identifies the siblings in Generation 1.

BTW, we started a forgotten series here: John Tylly, Joseph and Ann, the almost forgotten, and more.

As an aside, one of the first oversights that I found (2009 timeframe) was in a family book. Yes, this book is acceptable. In one generation, one son is noted as moving away from the area. You know. He was only a little to the west, but somehow there was no connection. But, then, I know of a generation where two siblings were out west (left coast) with their sister-in-law (a widow) in the same area. Yet, no connection.

Me? I have no qualms or motivations other than research being done well and to the extent that we can. My people are all mid-1800s. My bit is to keep the fire under those who go back further. Keep things respectful as well as honest.

Remarks: Modified: 06/27/2020

12/18/2016 -- Article about subject published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

11/20/2017 -- I am looking at a pedigree from New England that has no Mayflower line. However, there are the close calls which I will collect here and write about:

Elizabeth, sister of Christian Hunter who married Richard More;
Francis, brother of William Paybody who married Elizabeth ~~Arden~~ (now this is funny) Alden;
...

05/01/2019 -- The 400th of Plymouth concerns has started. Now, we see Gloucester planning their 400th (which we will support). Wrote the second part about the poor lonely soul out in Nebraska (TGA Vols. III and IV, GB Vols. IV, V, VI, VII). Have done more work on lineages for people. Still see idiocy which I will address at some point. Folks, the 'mayflower pure' was not meant to refer to whose of that set; no, it deals with those who have been here from the beginning (with 1000s of New Englander ancestors) with only loose ties to the Plymouth founders. Loose, as in in-laws, and such.

06/11/2019 -- Changed 'Arden' to 'Alden' which is a typo that was introduced a couple of years ago.

06/27/2019 -- The lady for whom I was doing this research turned 100 years old this month.

Wednesday, November 2, 2016

Posts of interest - 2016

While reviewing post activity, we noticed that one of the summary posts had been recently of interest. The image shows a snap from the page that was taken today.

We usually do these as a summary around the New Year time but wanted to start early. This has been some year all around.

The image shows the order in number of reads for the past 30 days. Here are the titles with date of original publication.

Plus or minus the arrival (Mar 1, 2013)
Posts of interests - 2011 (Dec 31, 2011)
Henry Gardner, the Loyalist (Oct 12, 2016)
Another trail (Oct 14, 2016)
NEHGR (Oct 11, 2016)

Several are from last month which is to be expected. The prior posts are from much earlier. Doing this type of review gives an opportunity to see if some corrections need to be made, or, more usually, to determine whether or not some new information might need to linked in.

Recaps: 2018, 2017 (missing), 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011.

Remarks: Modified: 12/15/2018

12/15/2018 -- Added links to recaps from the beginning.

Recent readings of interest

Recently, we mentioned Albion's Seed in which Thomas and cohorts (all areas) are consider part of the early reconnaissance. There were four pathways covered in the book. That continues our interest in things from four centuries ago, onward to now.

Then, there was the revolutionary period after which there was an expansion west. We looked at one family who was loyal to the crown. That got us to looking at motivation in which we see Thomas Gage missing an chance to get the patriots early on in Salem.

After Lewis & Clark returned from their expedition, people started to move further west of the Mississippi. By then, Indiana and Illinois were starting to get settled. As we see with the Nebraska-Kansas bill, there were still open issues related to slavery that transported themselves out west with the settlers. The last post looked at Lawrence, KS. It was started by New Englanders who were supportive of abolition. Many New Englanders who can west were Quakers.

In the west, we saw armed conflict with some Quakers involved. That caused contention within the faith about which a lot has been written. As well as being out west, Quakers from New England had gone to the South and were there as the hostilities heated up.

Following are links to further material.

Salem and the loyalists

Western expansion (Quakers)

Remarks: Modified: 11/02/2016

11/02/2016 --

Tuesday, November 1, 2016

Final migration

The first would be that covered by NEHGS via its Great Migration Project (pages on Thomas Gardner). We see the 400th anniversaries of these New England areas coming up soon.

At the same time, we can look at the 200th of the great movement west. This is called the final migration as it started to fill in the interior of the country that was shown us, in part, by Lewis and Clark via their expedition. The trails got explored and established. People got off of the trails at various points in order to set down roots. There are several stages to this long bit of history which we will look at.

Right now, and given the current turmoil, we wanted to provide some material about the long reach of New England (a favorite topic). In particular, we will look, in depth, at New England's involvement with what became bleeding Kansas, namely in the period prior to the Civil War (War between the States).

We just found out that a nice presentation of A History of Lawrence Kansas is available on the web. We will use this book a lot. The author, Richard Cordley, D.D., arrived in 1857 and wrote the history in 1895. Below are some excerpts.

To set the stage, let's do a quote. This is from Chapter 1 in which Cordley quotes from Whittier's poem, "Song of the Kansas Emigrant:"

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Remember, the context was after the Kansas-Nebraska bill was passed in 1854. The issue of slavery in new areas was still unresolved. So, New England took it west.

It was decided to establish a presence in the new region. Some had liked, or heard good things about, the area around what was named Mt. Oread. So, several parties were organized.

Now, remember, this is 1854. The trails had now been in use for over 20 years. So, there were modern means available to those who could pay. And, the New England parties were well funded.

After the first party left the Boston area by train, they went to Albany, New York to get Lake Erie passage to Chicago. The next step was traversing land to St. Louis. From STL to Kansas City, they could go by water. Then, they were back to the frontier experience.

"We prepared ourselves at once for starting. An ox team was purchased to transport the baggage and at ten o'clock Saturday evening we started on foot for our destination across the prairie. We traveled as much as possible during the night as the weather was very hot during the middle of the day. We saw occasionally a log house as we passed along, inhabited by farmers, of whom we obtained milk, etc. On the evening of Sunday we encamped on the lands of the Shawnee Indians. On Monday morning we started early, and in the evening arrived at the Wakarusa river, within ten miles of our destination. Here we camped, and the next day reached our new home."

They would have passed through Gardner Junction.

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Of course, only a couple days of travel is nothing compared to the 1000+ mile trek of the Mormons, yet one has to give these gentle people some credit. They did it on foot.

And, these are all cousins. We'll be looking closer into that. There was one Conant. A lot of other old families were represented.

But, let just quote about their first day.

"View the landscape o'er,"

Sound like the Plymouth experience? In fact, the "please them" refers back to Winthrop's early comment on the Boston area after he was turned off by Salem.

There are so many themes to follow in this regard. For one, many of the New Englanders had already settled in states going west, such as Indiana and Illinois. This year, we had the opportunity to look closer at some of these folks. Some families had gone south prior to their westward movement.

Remarks: Modified: 06/24/2022

08/13/2017 -- Posts on Lawrence (and surrounds): Trails West, Westward Ho, Blogging and such, Final Migration, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Kansas and Lawrence.

12/30/2018 -- The 400ths will be one theme next year.

09/03/2019 -- More on the 3 Trails.

08/07/2020 -- In this post, we are looking at two disparate spots that share a name, however there are many points in-between. Like Eudora, KS. Where "The Wakarusa meets the Kaw" is on their history site and is an example of local lore getting some attention. See "Along the Western Trails."

06/24/2022 -- Updated links to Eudora's website as topic continues to be of interest: A Ride to Kansas.

Friday, October 14, 2016

Another trail

Earlier, we looked at the western movement (Westward Ho) that started after Lewis & Clark let the easterners know about the huge country to the west. As well as going on land, there were ways by sea. One was long and around the Cape. The other consisted to two sails with an arduous crossing in Central America.

There was another trail. That followed by the Mormons (Mormon Trail). It had some commonality with the Oregon Trail, however the mode of travel was somewhat different after the earlier trips. Putting together proper supplies for the trip required funds.

There were many who wanted to go west, yet they could not afford to do it in the normal manner. So, they went on foot, pulling hand carts: Mormon handcart pioneers.

While researching the western flow, I ran across a book that provides information about those who took the journey. There is genealogical information; plus, their arrival and with what company is noted. Each year, people formed groups that traveled together.

Esshom, Frank (1912) Pioneers and prominent men of Utah (this points to Vol 2)
Esshom, Frank (1913) Pioneers ... with Photographs, Genealogies, Biographies

Both of these reference Gardner/Gardiner families. Some of the families came from Europe. We will look at that further. The later issue of the book has more information with photos.

There were many New England families, such as Herber Chase Kimball. Herber was the grandfather of Spencer W. Kimball (LDS President 1973-1985).

The launching point for this moving over land was western Illinois. There were many New England families that were involved in the development of this and surrounding states. We will look at some interesting aspects of that.

Meanwhile, some links to further material.

State of Iowa - The Place of Mormon Handcart Companies in America's Westward Migration Story
LDS - They Came by Handcart
Historynet - Mormon Handcart Horrors
FamilySearch - Handcart Pioneers
BYU - Book Review
Denver Post - Review of Devil's Gate

An example of movement by sea is the Brooklyn that sailed New York to San Francisco in 1845.

Remarks: Modified: 10/15/2016

10/14/2016 --

Wednesday, October 12, 2016

Henry Gardner, the Loyalist

The last post, we wrote about Abigail, wife of Silvester. This was of the George of Rhode Island family. That suggested a re-look at the Gardner book (1907).

pgs 218-220
Thomas Gardner (planter) and descendants ...
F.A. Gardner, MD. 1907

Dr. Frank wrote of Henry and Weld Gardner, both Loyalists. Why caps? We think that we need to hear about the other side of the story, again, and will help facilitate another, personally filled out, look at those early moments. We all know that ex-post-facto considerations throw out a whole lot of detail.

The History of Massachusetts site wrote about General Gage a few years ago (Was General Thomas Gage Born to Lose?). They looked at his family history which is unusual in several ways. For one, it is nice to be able to have that ability to trace the past, as such following of links back is not typical.

There have been many other studies. One of note deals with houses in Salem. In particular, this look at William "Old Billy" Gray who was mentored by Henry and Weld's grandfather. General Gage and Hon. William Browne, Esq (whose house Gray obtained later - see page 4) dallied while the patriots met in their subversive manner.

Expect further posts on this matter.

Remarks: Modified: 09/15/2021

10/12/2016 -- Comment at History of Massachusetts.

09/15/2021 -- We will look at Loyalists and houses and families.

Tuesday, October 11, 2016

Privileged or not

The WSJ, recently, had a review of an exhibit at the Brooklyn Museum; the article was titled "Polemical History Lesson." Copley and Gardiner were mentioned.

I have run across several who sat for Copley in my work. Abigail was the wife of Dr. Silvester. He was the namesake of Henry D. Gardiner. Henry dropped Silvester from his name due to Silvester's loyalist bent. We ought to show the several sides to any of these stories about all things Gardner.

Let's get the fuller picture.

Silvester and Henry are descendants of George of Rhode Island who was mentioned in both of Dr. Frank's books. This is what their book says about Abigail.

About Abigail

Their book: The Gardiners of Narragansett

This summer we started to re-look at possible relations between the various Gardner families in conjunction with efforts being under taken by David T. Gardner, a descendant of a Philadelphia-based Gardner family.

Remarks: Modified: 10/11/2016

10/11/2016 -- Henry and Weld Gardner of Thomas of Salem were loyalists.

NEHGR 2016

A few articles researched and written under the auspices of Gardner Research are in a reference list in the latest issue of the NEHGS Register. These appeared in The Essex Genealogist in 2014.

NEHGR Summer, 2016

Links to the articles are provided in this table.

Title	TEG copy	The Gardner Annals	Ahnentafel
The Graves family of Ipswich	34 (May)	Vol IV, No. 1 - II	...
The Trials of the Wilson family	34 (Aug)	Vol I, No 2 - II	Lucy F. Wilson
John Sayward/Soward of Gloucester/Ipswich	34 (Nov)	Vol I, No 2 - III	Susan C. Graves

Lucy F. Wilson is the grandmother of Dr. Frank (review plus his ahnentafel).

Remarks: Modified: 12/07/2018

10/11/2016 -- Two more articles referenced in Summer 2017.

12/07/2018 -- Wrote of the TEG experience, first article, in TGA, Vol IV, No. 1.

Sunday, September 25, 2016

Immigrants to England

I ran across this site (Immigrants to England from 1330-1550) while pursuing Gardners who roamed between London and Dorchester, in joint research with David T. Gardner. First, I was surprised by the records from so long ago. Then, the fact that these are now transcribed and available goes along the line of the expectation of more to come, in the future.

Here are some pointers:

England's Immigrants Database

Corresponding blog at The National Archives

The Flemish in England

Earlier, I did a brief set of queries. Here is an image that shows three versions of the name. There are other variations that we need to look at.

There is more research to do and, hopefully, time and interest. But, the emphasis ought to be the fun of it.

Remarks: Modified: 09/26/2016

09/25/2016 --

Albion's Seed

I ran across this book earlier. In some discussion on Quora, I see that the book has a wide audience within the American community of historians. It isn't so much referenced in the U.K.

Google has a copy in preview mode: Albion's Seed, David Hackett Fischer. We will be referencing the book from time to time. Fischer discusses four pathways that map from regions in England to areas of the U.S. Of course, These are generally described.

As the 400th comes up for the many cities of New England, we can also look at the 200th of the western expansion. That will be one focus for this blog and the related sites. Below, there are a couple of snaps from the book.

In general, genealogy and history are separate, but they do intertwine. We really ought not have one without the other. So, I expect to see historical accounts be a little more sensitive about what happened to families. For instance, one example would be a lone stone out on the western prairie. It is of a Mayflower descendant. Of course, the pioneer has a slew of other New England ancestors. However, one would think the GSM would want to know what happened to the offspring of their people. In fact, mixing history and genealogy can be problematic, as I have recently found. But, that is another story.

Now, those dealing with genealogy ought to be aware of historical trends, to boot. You see, your bit of data is considered anecdotal when compared to the larger picture. Yet, it is more than that. People are not abstractions. These two types of views will be having some interesting interplays. The NEHGS might be aware of a good balance. We shall see.

So, in Albion's Seed, Thomas is only mentioned peripherally along with Joseph, his son. That may be due to Joseph's relationship with the Downing's. Sir Christopher is mentioned, too, similarly. And, we are going to be diving deeply into that story as mentioned earlier.

So, this page goes over the time prior to the start of the major pathway events. Balch and Conant are mentioned. So, too, the Maverick family comes up. We will be filling in more there.

As it says, the early parties were doing reconnaissance. Nice. In case you might wonder with regard to what, this table explains the four pathways.

The earliest deals with New England. Then, we have Virginia. Finally, the Quakers are given some attention along with the back country folk.

Historical view from way up. Having just dealt with families from the north and the south that merged in Boone's areas (which is a wide swatch), I expect to be able to use this book for some analysis and discussion. And, there are other example works like this.

Remarks: Modified: 01/08/2023

12/18/2016 -- Article about the subject published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

11/20/2017 -- We will be looking more closely at the south.

01/08/2023 -- We had another icon (Charles Thomson) come up for our 250th (1774, Continental Congress) and 400th (Cape Ann as one of the first of the capitalization attempts of history).

Saturday, September 10, 2016

Gardner-Wyman-Peabody Mill

The Gardner family built several mills. An early one, on South River in Salem, was built by Samuel and John, sons of Thomas and Margaret. The permission for the mill was granted in 1663 (pg 85, 1907 book of Dr. Frank).

About 1743, the Gardner mill was still in operation. One of the owners was John Gardner (#90, 1907 book) who was a descendant of George, also son of Thomas. At that time, John erected a tide mill at Forest River. John's son sold the mill.

Millstone
Forest River
Salem, MA
Tide Mill Times

There were a couple of interim owners; the mill was later purchased by an in-law, Francis Peabody. John Goff, Salem Preservationist and author, recently wrote an article (Salem Gazette) about a millstone (photo) found in the Forest River area this summer. John, who is a Thomas and Margaret descendant and who has contributed to Gardner's Beacon, sent us photos.

There were several tide mills in Salem (John Goff, Tide Mill tours in and around Salem). The Tide Mill Times published the photo by John of the millstone in their "2016 Summer" issue. In that same issue, there is an article about specifics of tide mill design and operation.

The first part of John's article appeared recently: When Forest River Tide Mill made corn meal (Part 1 of 2). Part 2 of John's article will cover modernization of the mill that converted it to paint production.

Here is a summary of the family ties related to the mill:

John, son of John Gardner who was the mill's builder, married Elizabeth Pickering, sister of the noted Colonel Timothy. Their son, Samuel Pickering Gardner, went off to that wider world of Boston as did Winthrop, much earlier. Samuel married Rebecca Russell Lowell, daughter of the Judge. Samuel's and Rebecca's son, John Lowell Gardner I, married Catherine Peabody who was the sister of Francis Peabody who bought, and modernized, the mill. Finally, the son, John Lowell Gardner II, of John and Catherine married Isabella Stewart whose name adorns the Boston museum. In the article, John notes that Ingalls and Wyman owned the mill between the Gardner and Peabody. In his 1933 book, Dr. Frank mentions that John Gardner had sold the mill in 1786 to Captain Samuel Tucker.

Remarks: Modified: 09/10/2016

09/10/2016 --

Thursday, September 8, 2016

Continuing work

Recently, the foci are several. One result is that "All things Gardner" is a theme of importance. That view continues what Dr. Frank started with his Gardner list (one of the most-read posts). So, we will be updating his table of Gardner families. Too, we will get the descendants for Thomas of Salem filled in (see Wikipedia, for example - we will move this list to its own page). There as still progeny issues to research. In short, no end in sight.

Except, the 200th is coming up. That is, the western expansion that made America was it is. In my mind, that out weighs the 400th. But, they go together. Would not have one without the other. Remember, the 200th events followed Jefferson's land deal, the culmination of the 1812 skirmish, and a whole lot more. U.S. students cover this stuff in their studies.

Now, motivations come various ways. Queries help. But, following families is a necessary item. However, in doing that, along with filling in family sheets, and such, we need to keep our eyes open to places and events. And, where Gardners pop up. So, one family in a western situation (pioneering) offshoot had partnered with a Gardner. Does that not raise interest?

Well, as I started to look further, I saw other Gardners. And, I picked one to follow since it dealt with the meat of the west. Well, diary mostly (Holstein-Friesian herds). Basically, I found reports of an association where W. H. Gardner is mentioned.

Seemed to be a character. He was deaf. His wife interpreted for him. Now, that is not the usual mix one expects for a successful couple. Well, finally, I found a little bio. However, I also did searches on the U.S.Census and other sources. Finally, I found his findagrave page. His name is Malcolm Hazard Gardner. His photo looked familiar.

In short, there are things pending, but here is the findagrave. It'll be updated. It has the photo and the bio (MHGardner). Soon, there will be links to parents, siblings, and such. So, having found his father, I could identify the Gardner family. It was George of Rhode Island. This is the page for MH's grandfather in one of the books of the family.

This is typical. Dr. Frank did not go much outside of New England. Lots of books have a New England focus. I even saw one family drop a son because he moved 100 miles away. So, that is minimal in the sense of our western, big sky reality, folks. In one family book, it says that the guy is out in a western state. Well, I have filled in the missing information (to be published).

Why put the Gardner book of George? Motivation. If you look at this book, you'll see that the early chapter tells of a reunion in mid-west state in the early 1900s. That was the 300th time (and 100th time, as in not long after the wagon trains).

In both the Massachusetts Magazine (see links to the digital copies), Lucie, sister of Dr. Frank, had regular reports on genealogy. We need to pull those out to view. Last year, I went through these and referenced some articles. In fact, I found one still being cited.

Where, how, when are questions to resolve in how to handle this work and the presentation of results of work, etc.

Remarks: Modified: 10/11/2018

12/18/2016 -- Articles about research published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

10/11/2018 -- Gardner Research is how we are organized. On the plate is a lot starting with extending the work (e.g. Gardners and Gardners) of Dr. Frank.

Wednesday, September 7, 2016

Person table

Many people contribute to the progress of genealogy. For the most part, the work is voluntary; no doubt, it is more rewarding than not.

While looking at Nantucket Gardners, I was struck by the work of Eliza. She labored many years. Since running across her work (thank you, Eric Roth for pointing it out), I have used her database which is sponsored by the Nantucket Historical Association quite a lot.

Person table

There are efforts by many others that we will document. One of these was Dr. Frank who spent his life gathering data for his books. For a list of names of people in both books, see the person table.

In the 1907 book, Dr. Frank took his line (from Samuel) down to his grandfather, for the most part. But, he did include siblings and their offspring at several generations. The 1933 book, essentially, expands the George descendant line.

We want to fill in six or seven generation for all of Thomas' children. If there are books already that do this, please let us know. For instance, there is one on the Maine Gardners. Too, we would like to fill in a matrix with other lines. Numbers, names and relationships via a simple text tree would be a good start.

Remarks: Modified: 09/07/2016

09/07/2016 --

Saturday, August 6, 2016

Gardner, CO

Context: Gardners and Gardners.

Two years ago, we received a query about Gardiner, OR. The question was: for whom was the town named? While getting information about the town in Oregon, we went through a list of places in the U.S. with the Gardner (Gardiner) name.

Turned out that Henry D. Gardiner was the namesake of the Oregon town near where his ship (barque Bostonian) wrecked in 1850. This Henry was a descendant of George of Rhode Island.

Lately, I have been following trails west in terms of the long reach of New England (both north and south). Travelers going west who left from Independence all went by Gardner, KS after which the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails split (Gardner Junction). The town was named for the Governor of Massachusetts, Henry Joseph Gardner. This Henry was a descendant of Richard of Woburn.

Today, we go to the region of the Sangre de Cristo range. This impressive range was visible to those who took the northern part of the Santa Fe Trail. Rather than cut down toward Las Vegas, NM, the travelers went west and joined up with traffic coming south from Denver and other northern points.

On their way south, the wagon went through what is now Walensburg on their way to tackle the Raton Pass. A mere 30 miles or so to the northwest of the Walensburg area, we find Gardner, CO.

The area has a long Spanish history. The Spanish Conquistadors visited. Settlement from the east began in the 1850s. The Post Office had the Gardner name in 1871. The town is named for Herbert Gardner who was the son of Governor Gardner (MA). So, Herbert was a descendant of Richard of Woburn.

The below list is of interesting reads about the area. Some have photos of the area, including a landmark named Gardner Butte.

A Guide to the Highest State

Huerfano County Government

Real or Ghosts?

This site brought together two old cultures. Santa Fe, which is south of Gardner, was the mainstay of northern Mexico from the 1500s. The trails carried travelers from the east on their way west. As such, the trail travelers had covered more miles.

There are a few more Gardner locations in Northern America for us to mention.

Remarks: Modified: 12/03/2019

08/07/2016 -- Gardner, CO is at the entry of the Wet Mountain Valley. Herbert Gardner introduced agriculture into the area early.

12/03/2019 -- Updated link to image of agricultural field.

Thursday, July 28, 2016

King Slayer's Court

Context: Gardners and Gardners

In this context, last time, we looked at Gardiners Island which was owned by one of the many families that came over early. Dr. Frank had Lion Gardiner on his lists. He had more families in his 1933 book than he had in 1907.

Other families have been added. The list in the "Gardners and Gardners" post (see Context) is being updated. Of late, we have been working with a member of the Gardner family of Pennsylvania to organize and publish information that ought to help throw some light on origin issues, both particular and general.

The following is a summary of what "King Slayer's Court" is all about. The recent finding of the remains of Richard III allows another look at several subjects that deal with the Gardners of London. Our interests are several. There may be a tie that is awaiting discover, even if it is further back in time. Too, history has taken a stance in this matter that may not be correct.

William Gardiner was indeed Knighted
William Gardiner was married to Ellen Tudor
William Gardiner was the brother of Alderman Richard Gardiner
William Gardiner was the Father of the Thomas Gardiner "King's chaplain, son and heir, born in London say 1479”
Richard Gardiner was controlling what’s now considered one of the most lucrative trade syndicates on Earth.
Richard Gardiner was in possession of RIII debt, Holding Crown Jewels as collateral.
Richard Gardiner was official representative of City of London to greet Henry VII
The Gardiner family has a long, yet still undocumented relationship with the Royal Family.
Lord John Gardiner, Baron of Kimble is current Vice Chamberlain and Captain of Yeomen of the guard.

Several items of interest come from this overview that we can pursue. An example would be the differences between views: Wikipedia (Gardiner not mentioned) vs King's Slayer Court. History is more than what is written. Too, some viewpoints never get expressed.

Remarks: Modified: 10/10/2018

12/18/2016 -- Article about the subject published in The Gardner Annals, Vol. III, No. 1.

06/20/2018 -- This will publish with a new article soon. The book will include The Gardner Annals, Volumes III and IV plus Gardner's Beach, Volumes IV through VII.

10/10/2018 -- We just printed TGA Vols III and IV (available for purchase) which contains David T. Gardner's articles about the Gardners, Bosworth, and Tudors. As well, historical author, Douglas Richardson, has William Gardner in his books (Plantagenet Ancestry, Magna Carta Ancestry and Royal Ancestry) with his marriage to Helen Tudor (see Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors & Cousins site).

Friday, July 1, 2016

Gardiners Island

Context: Gardners and Gardners

One result of doing Gardner Research is that we find Gardner influences everywhere. For instance, in the times of the westward movement, a trail fork called Gardner Junction was seen by everyone heading to Santa Fe or to Oregon and other points west. That is, if the travelers took the route out of Independence, Mo, then they saw Gardner Junction. There were other trails to the north and south. Along the west coast, there is Gardiner, OR. It obtained its name from the owner (H.D. Gardiner) of the ship (barque Bostonian) that wrecked in that area.

So, one then starts to think about all things Gardner. In terms of direct Thomas of Salem descendants, we will be taking a wide-spread view, especially in relation to the expansion of the United States.

In the time of Dr. Frank, his book had a list of different families. The 1933 publication had a longer list than he provided in 1907. Too, we have added to the list for those families who, seemingly, came later in, or after, the colonial period. This will all be written up in several places. Here, we will have a category related to Gardner families (our second most-read post is Gardners and Gardners).

Also, DNA and related studies will be adding to the mix: DNA and Genealogy.

--- The Subject ---

Lion Gardiner
(source?)

While researching the provenance of a portrait (image), I ran across this story about the last Gardiner of the island.

New York Times: Gardiner, 93, Lord of His Own Island, Dies

Gardiners Island was "reportedly" purchased by Lion Gardiner from the Montaukett tribe (their History Overview).

It has remained in the family from the colonial times until now when the sole owner is Robert's niece.

Remarks: Modified: 10/30/2018

07/16/2016 -- Added links to H.D. Gardiner and the Bostonian. We are working with David T. Gardner on the Gardiners of London. From there, we will explore threads to now plus look at origins, in general. In the U.S., we tend to not pay real attention to what was going on when the colonials came over, except, seemingly, superficially. With the upcoming 400ths, we need to correct that oversight. Too, the 200ths of the expansion will come to the forefront.

10/30/2018 -- 2nd printing of The Gardner Annals, in which are 'All things Gardner' articles. We will rewrite the article on the barque Bostonian.

04/05/2019 -- Relation of the Pequot Wars (1660) - a copy is browse-able or can be downloaded, an eye-witness account by Lion Gardiner of the Pequot Wars. Having added more text from our annals collection, we are looking at the early references to New England and the Cape Ann crew.

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